This is the commonest technique used worldwide and can be performed in all types of chests. It tends to have the lower risk of post-operative complications and can most of the time achieve a flat chest.

Free nipple grafts can be positioned anywhere on the new chest. Shorter operation time – Shorter anaesthetic time.

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The nipple loses sensation, and can lose its brown/pink colour as well. Bibliography suggests that in 2% of cases, the nipple/areola can fail to obtain blood supply from the surrounding skin and be partially or completely lost. In these rare case often the resulting scar is enough to resemble a nipple or tattooing may be considered.